• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    A forage harvester is equipped with an intake conveyor (24), a chopper (26), an adjustable discharge chute (30) with an adjustable discharge flap (64), a foreign body detector (72, 108) and a controller (70) provided with an actuator ( 58, 60, 62) for adjusting the ejection elbow (30) and / or the ejection flap (64) is coupled in order to avoid overloading of the detected foreign body on a crop transport vehicle (56) in the event of detection of a foreign body.
    公开号:BE1025479B1
    申请号:E2018/0012
    申请日:2018-01-25
    公开日:2019-03-18
    发明作者:Ignatz Wendling
    申请人:Deere & Company；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Agricultural harvesting machine for processing and conveying crops with a sensor arrangement for detecting unwanted dangerous substances and ingredients in the crop
    description
    The invention relates to a forage harvester with a feed conveyor, a chopping device arranged downstream of the feed conveyor, an adjustable discharge chute with an adjustable discharge flap, a foreign body detector for detecting a foreign body in the crop picked up or to be picked up by the forage harvester, and a controller connected to the foreign body detector for an actuator Adjustment of a crop-guiding element is coupled in order to avoid overloading the recognized foreign body on a crop transport vehicle in the event of a foreign body being detected.
    State of the art
    Forage harvesters are used to plant or their
    Pick up fruit stands from a field and cut them into small pieces. The plants standing in the field are usually cut off from the roots remaining in the ground by means of a suitable harvesting attachment and fed to a feed channel of the forage harvester. Alternatively, the plants can be cut off and swathed in previous steps and picked up by means of a pick-up, or only the fruit stands are separated from the plants and conveyed into the feed channel. In the feed channel, the crop mat picked up by means of the header is pre-compacted by interacting pairs of pre-press rollers which feed the crop mat to a chopper drum, by a number of its circumference (and possibly its width)
    BE2018 / 0012 is distributed on chopping knives. The chopping knives cut the crop into small pieces together with a shear bar. The chopped crop (and in particular corn kernels contained therein) is optionally further chopped by means of a post-processing device, conveyed into a discharge chute by means of a post-accelerator and loaded onto a transport vehicle. The chopped crop is used in particular as feed for livestock or for biogas production.
    In order to avoid damage to the forage harvester by metal parts, so-called metal detectors are usually arranged in the feed channel, which detect ferromagnetic parts in the crop flow (DE 199 12 407 Al). In addition, stones can be detected using noise and / or a rapidly changing position of the pre-press roller (DE 10 2012 223 768 Al) or using a photon detector that interacts with a photon source (DE 10 2010 028 343 Al). It has also been proposed to detect hazardous substances, such as carcasses, contained in the crop by means of a near infrared sensor (DE 10 2011 053 214 Al).
    In the prior art, if an undesired foreign body is detected, the feed conveyor is stopped and the operator is warned. In response, the feed conveyor can be reversed by manual input or automatically so that the operator can remove the foreign matter from the crop flow and then resume harvesting. In many cases, it is quite difficult to find the foreign body, so that several attempts are sometimes necessary in which the crop is drawn in again and the feed channel is reversed again after the foreign body detector has responded. In order to avoid this disadvantage, it was proposed in DE 30 23 688 Al, considered to be of the generic type, to couple the metal detector to an actuator for adjusting a flap which is located on the underside of the feed conveyor in order to eject the foreign body onto the field or into a collecting container and avoid reversing and sorting out the foreign body manually. That I
    BE2018 / 0012 the flap can then no longer be closed against the pressure of the incoming crop, an interruption of the harvesting operation after detection of a foreign body cannot be avoided here either. In addition, the distance between the metal detector and the flap is so small that the required response time of the actuator can hardly be achieved.
    DE 10 2012 211 001 A1 describes a forage harvester with an ejector flap arranged at the end of an ejector elbow, which is automatically brought into a horizontal rest position by means of an actuator, insofar as no overloading process takes place in order to prevent an approaching transport vehicle from being contaminated with crop material, when chunks of crop loosen on the standing forage harvester and are expelled through the discharge chute.
    task
    The object on which the invention is based is seen in providing a forage harvester with a foreign body detector and an element which can be adjusted in response to detection of a foreign body in the crop, which element does not have the disadvantages mentioned above or to a lesser extent.
    solution
    According to the invention, this object is achieved by the teaching of patent claim 1, features being listed in the further patent claims which further develop the solution in an advantageous manner.
    A forage harvester is equipped with a feed conveyor, a chopping device arranged downstream of the feed conveyor, an adjustable discharge chute with an adjustable discharge flap, a foreign body detector for detecting a foreign body in or picked up by the forage harvester
    BE2018 / 0012 crop to be picked up and a control connected to the foreign body detector, which is coupled to an actuator for adjusting the discharge chute and / or the discharge flap, in order to prevent the foreign body from being overloaded onto a crop transport vehicle in the event of a foreign body being detected.
    In other words, by means of a
    Foreign body detector examines whether the crop flow picked up or to be picked up is contaminated with an undesired foreign body. In normal harvesting operations, the forage harvester picks up the crop from a field, usually using a header, by cutting it off (e.g. using a corn mower attachment) or collecting it (e.g. using a pickup) or separating fruit stands (e.g. using a picker). The crop is pre-compacted in a feed conveyor and fed to a chopper which cuts it and releases it (usually using a grain processor and / or a post-accelerator) into a discharge chute with a discharge flap at the end to be loaded onto a crop transport vehicle during normal harvesting. The position of the discharge chute around the vertical axis and / or a horizontal axis and the angle of rotation of the discharge flap relative to the discharge chute can be specified in a manner known per se by the operator of the forage harvester or a suitable automatic system so that it hits a desired location in the crop transport vehicle. If the foreign body detector now detects a foreign body within the forage harvester or the harvested crop or in the crop standing or lying in the field, the control system, which is connected to the foreign body detector and transmits signals, will cause an actuator to rotate the discharge chute around the vertical axis or and / or to adjust a horizontal axis and / or the position of the discharge flap in such a way that the crop material loaded with the foreign body and the foreign body do not hit the crop transport vehicle
    BE2018 / 0012 but are handed over to the field (or another transport vehicle).
    In this way it is avoided with simple means that the foreign body contaminates the crop on the crop transport vehicle. Since the discharge chute and the discharge flap are relatively far away from the position at which the foreign body detector can be attached, namely near the inlet of the feed conveyor, there is sufficient response time to control the actuator and achieve the desired result. After passing through the foreign body, the discharge chute and / or the discharge flap can be brought back into the previous position without any problems and without stopping the harvesting operation in order to continue the harvesting operation. Accordingly, there is virtually no interruption in the harvesting operation, apart from the diversion of the foreign body to the field (or other transport vehicle).
    The foreign body detector can be arranged upstream of the feed channel or in the feed channel or can be spatially separated from the forage harvester. For example, it can be attached to a telescopic bracket attached to the front of the forage harvester and look at the field from above in front of the forage harvester, e.g. by means of a camera, or it is attached to a vehicle or an aircraft, e.g. a drone attached, which is connected to the forage harvester by a cable or independently leaves or leaves the field. In this embodiment, the position of a detected foreign body is stored and sent to the control of the forage harvester, which, based on the detected position of the forage harvester, causes the actuator to adjust the discharge chute and / or the discharge flap from the normal overload position when the foreign body is the forage harvester passes. Alternatively, affected crop areas could also be excluded from the harvest by lifting the header there or bypassing the area during the harvest. *
    BE2018 / 0012
    The foreign body detector can be set up to supply the control system with signals relating to the hazard potential for the forage harvester from a detected foreign body, while the control system is coupled to the feed conveyor and can be operated to stop the feed conveyor if a foreign body endangering the forage harvester is detected and in the event of a detection of a foreign body not endangering the forage harvester to adjust the discharge chute and / or the discharge flap. Similarly, the controller will not stop the feed conveyor if a foreign body that does not endanger the forage harvester is detected and / or if a foreign body that does not endanger the forage harvester is detected, it will not adjust the discharge chute and / or the discharge flap.
    The foreign body detector can be set up for stone detection and / or for the detection of ferromagnetic parts and / or for the detection of toxic substances. In the event of detection of a toxic substance, the control will cause the actuator to adjust the ejection flap.
    embodiment
    In the drawings, an embodiment of the invention described in more detail below is shown. It shows:
    1 is a side view of a self-propelled forage harvester, FIG. 2 is a rear view of the forage harvester of FIG. 1 when the crop is being loaded onto a crop transport vehicle, and FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the control of the discharge chute of the forage harvester.
    1 shows a self-propelled forage harvester 10 in a schematic side view. The forage harvester 10 is built on a frame 12 which is driven by front driven wheels 14
    BE2018 / 0012 and steerable rear wheels 16 is worn. The forage harvester 10 is operated from a driver's cab 18, from which a header 20 in the form of a pickup can be seen. By means of the header 20 harvested crop, z. B. grass or the like is fed via a feed conveyor 22 with pre-press rollers, which are arranged within a feed housing 24 on the front of the forage harvester 10, a chopper drum 26 arranged below the driver's cab 18, which chops it into small pieces in cooperation with a shear bar 102 and it gives up a conveyor 28. The material leaves the harvesting machine 10 to a harvesting goods transport vehicle 56 traveling alongside via an ejection elbow 30 which can be rotated about an approximately vertical axis by a first actuator 58 and which can be adjusted in inclination by a second actuator 60, at the outer end of which one by a third Actuator 72 adjustable ejection flap 64 is articulated. In FIG. 1, the discharge chute 30 is in a street driving position, while in FIG. 2 it is in an operating position for overloading the crop 80.
    In the following, directions, such as laterally, below and above, relate to the forward direction V of the harvesting machine 10, which runs to the right in FIG. 1. If the forage harvester 10 is to be used for corn harvesting, a picker or corn mower attachment would be used as the harvesting attachment 20 instead of the pickup and the grain processor 78 would be brought into an effective position.
    The chopping drum 26 is driven from a pulley 48, which is connected to an internal combustion engine (not shown) via an angular gear, via a drive belt 50, which has a pulley 54 for driving the chopping drum 26 and a pulley 52 for driving the conveying device 28. A grinding device 100 is used to grind the chopper knives of the chopper drum 26. In addition, there is a first foreign body detector 108 in the lower, front
    BE2018 / 0012
    Prepress roller provided and an operator interface 98 coupled to a controller 70 in the driver's cab 18, with which the position of the actuators 58, 60, 62 can be predetermined. The operator interface 98 can comprise, in a manner known per se, a drive lever for specifying the forward speed of the forage harvester 10, at the upper end of which a number of buttons for specifying the position of the actuators 58, 60, 62 are attached. The first foreign body detector 108 can comprise a metal detector (DE 199 12 407 Al) known per se or stone detector (DE 10 2012 223 768 Al) or a photon detector which interacts with a photon source (DE 10 2010 028 343 Al).
    In order to identify any toxic substances in the crop, the forage harvester 10 is coupled to a drone 66 flying in front, which has a number of rotors 70 which are attached to a frame 68, on the underside of which a second foreign body detector 72 is attached. The electronic elements of the drone 66 are connected to the controller 70 of the forage harvester 10 by a cable 74, although a wireless signal-transmitting connection and power supply to the drone 66 by rechargeable batteries would also be possible (see DE 10 2014 201 203 Al) to do so allow the field to be flown in advance and examined for possible foreign bodies.
    The second foreign body detector 72 can be a camera which operates in the visible and / or near infrared wavelength range and is able to detect organic foreign bodies such as fungi (e.g. mycotoxins) or animal bodies in the crop 76 upstream of the header 20. In this regard, reference is also made to the disclosure of DE 10 2011 053 214 A1, which is incorporated by reference into the present documents. In another embodiment, the second foreign matter detector 72 could be attached to a boom on the front of the forage harvester 10 or the header 20 to examine the crop 76 in the field before the header 20,
    BE2018 / 0012 or interact with the crop conveyed by the header 20 or in the feed conveyor 24.
    FIG. 2 shows how the crop stream 80 is transferred from the forage harvester 10 onto a crop transport vehicle 56, which can be a trailer that is being towed by an agricultural tractor or other towing vehicle, or a self-propelled vehicle (for example a truck) a suitable container 82. The direction of ejection of the crop flow 80 from the discharge chute 30 is predetermined by the actuators 58, 60 and 62, based on a manual specification by the driver of the forage harvester 10 using the operator interface 98, or a suitable automatic system.
    FIG. 3 shows the control 70 with the operator interface 98, the foreign body detectors 72 and 108 and the actuators 58, 60, 62 and the drive 84 of the feed conveyor 24. If the first foreign body detector 108 is a foreign body (for example a stone or an iron part such as a Of a pickup), the controller 70 causes the drive 84 of the feed conveyor 24 to stop only when the signal from the first foreign matter detector 108 indicates that the foreign matter is larger or heavier than a limit value. In this case, the operator is given an indication of the recognized foreign body via the user interface 98 and he (or an automatic system) can initiate a reversing process of the feed conveyor 24 and, if applicable, of the harvesting attachment 20. Smaller or lighter foreign bodies that do not damage the chopper drum 26, the grain processor 78 and the conveying device 28 are therefore let through and do not cause the feed conveyor 24 to stop. In this case, however, at least the actuator 62 is actuated to the extent that it controls the Brings the ejection flap 64 to a position marked 64 'in FIG. 2, in which it does not direct the crop stream 80' onto the container 82 of the crop transport vehicle 56, but rather ejects it past it onto the field. In this case too
    BE2018 / 0012 gave the operator an indication of the detected foreign body via the user interface 98.
    It would also be conceivable not to eject the crop flow 80 ′ during the adjustment of the discharge flap 64 described in the previous paragraph, but onto another transport vehicle (not shown in the figures), which is located on the side of the crop transport vehicle 56 opposite the forage harvester 10 drives to overload. If based on e.g. by means of a sensor measured value provided by the drone departing from the field or a previous inspection of the field, it is known that (and at which points in the field) with foreign bodies such as mushrooms or the like. As a precautionary measure, the additional transport vehicle can be made available at the position described.
    When adjusting the discharge flap 64, suitable control of the actuator 62 ensures that no swaths adjacent to the forage harvester 10 are contaminated with crop material 76, but that the foreign bodies are distributed over the free or harvested area of the field. For this purpose e.g. a camera (not shown) can be attached to the actual forage harvester 10 or the outer end of the discharge chute 30, which camera is connected to an image processing system and detects adjacent swaths and controls the actuator 62 in the manner described. The areas of the field covered with swaths can also be stored georeferenced in a map which is called up by the controller 70. As an alternative or in addition, the image processing can recognize people, vehicles and the like, which are located in an area possibly loaded with crop material and foreign bodies when the ejection flap 64 is adjusted. If there is a risk that people, vehicles and the like may be adversely affected by crops and foreign bodies, the controller 70 can prevent the ejection flap 64 from being adjusted by the actuator 62, but it can warn the operator via the operator interface 98
    Output BE2018 / 0012 and / or in this case stop the feed conveyor 24 if one of the foreign body detectors 72 or 108 responds.
    The raised position shown in FIG
    Ejection flap 64 'also causes the control 70 when the second foreign body detector 72 responds and the crop stream 80' contaminated with toxic substances is currently passing through the forage harvester 10. At the same time, the controller 70 can also cause the actuator 58 to be adjusted in order to distribute a plurality of foreign objects picked up over the field.
    After the foreign body (s) has passed through the forage harvester 10 and the discharge chute 30, the controller 70 will again cause the actuator 62 to return the discharge flap 64 to its previous position.
    权利要求:
    Claims (5)
    [1]
    1. forage harvester (10) with a feed conveyor (24), a chopping device (26) arranged downstream of the feed conveyor (24), an adjustable discharge chute (30) with an adjustable discharge flap (64), a foreign body detector (72, 108) for detecting a Foreign bodies in the crop (76) picked up or to be picked up by the forage harvester (10) and a control (70) connected to the foreign body detector (72, 108), which is coupled to an actuator (58, 60, 62) for adjusting an element guiding the crop, In order to prevent the recognized foreign body from being overloaded onto a crop transport vehicle (56) in the event of detection of a foreign body, characterized in that the actuator (58, 60, 62) is coupled to the discharge chute (30) and / or that of the discharge flap (64) is.
    [2]
    2. forage harvester (10) according to claim 1, wherein the foreign body detector (72, 108) upstream of the feed channel (24) or in the feed channel (24) or spatially separated from the forage harvester (10).
    [3]
    3. forage harvester (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the foreign body detector (108) is set up to supply signals to the control system with regard to the potential danger from a detected foreign body for the forage harvester (10) and the control system is coupled to the feed conveyor (24) and it can be operated to stop the feed conveyor (24) in the event of detection of a foreign body endangering the forage harvester (10) and to adjust the discharge chute (30) and / or the ejection flap (64) in the event of a foreign body not endangering the forage harvester (10) ,
    [4]
    4. forage harvester (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the foreign body detector (108, 72) for
    BE2018 / 0012
    Stone detection and / or for the detection of ferromagnetic parts and / or for the detection of toxic substances.
    [5]
    5. forage harvester according to claim 4, when referring back to 5 claim 3, wherein the controller (70) is arranged to adjust the discharge flap (64) in the event of detection of a toxic substance.
    类似技术:
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    DE2418995C2|1990-10-18|
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    BE1025479A1|2019-03-13|
    DE102017204511A1|2018-09-20|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    DE3023688A1|1980-06-25|1982-01-14|Claas Ohg, 4834 Harsewinkel|HARVESTING MACHINE|
    EP1621066A2|2004-07-23|2006-02-01|CLAAS Selbstfahrende Erntemaschinen GmbH|Protecting device for agricultural machines|
    EP2564683A1|2011-08-31|2013-03-06|CLAAS Selbstfahrende Erntemaschinen GmbH|System for controlling an overload device|
    DE102012211001A1|2012-06-27|2014-01-02|Deere & Company|Arrangement for controlling adjustable harvest conveying element of output device of harvester, has controller to bring harvest conveying element from loading into idle position, when overloading process is not possible|
    DE19912407A1|1999-03-19|2000-09-21|Deere & Co|Transporter with metal detection device for use in harvesting or chaffing machinery has a roller with magnets contained internally, the fields of which are changed by the presence of magnetic metallic parts|
    DE102010028343A1|2010-04-29|2011-12-08|Deere & Company|Harvesting machine with a device for detecting an invaded foreign body|
    DE102011053214A1|2011-09-02|2013-03-07|Claas Selbstfahrende Erntemaschinen Gmbh|Agricultural harvester|
    DE102012223768B4|2012-12-19|2014-07-03|Deere & Company|Foreign body detection device for an agricultural harvester|
    DE102014201203A1|2014-01-23|2015-07-23|Deere & Company|Agricultural work vehicle with an aircraft and associated power supply|US11178818B2|2018-10-26|2021-11-23|Deere & Company|Harvesting machine control system with fill level processing based on yield data|
    US11240961B2|2018-10-26|2022-02-08|Deere & Company|Controlling a harvesting machine based on a geo-spatial representation indicating where the harvesting machine is likely to reach capacity|
    US11079725B2|2019-04-10|2021-08-03|Deere & Company|Machine control using real-time model|
    US11234366B2|2019-04-10|2022-02-01|Deere & Company|Image selection for machine control|
    法律状态:
    2019-05-02| FG| Patent granted|Effective date: 20190318 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    DE102017204511.6A|DE102017204511A1|2017-03-17|2017-03-17|Agricultural harvester for processing and conveying crop with a sensor assembly for detecting unwanted hazardous substances and ingredients in the crop|
    DE102017204511.6|2017-03-17|
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